Fastest Spacecraft

Juno NASA's robotic spacecraft entered Jupiter orbit on July 4,2016 holds the record for fastest spacecraft, the gas giant's impressive gravity accelerated the probe to approximately 165,000 mph (265,000 km/h) relative to Earth. Juno the fastest-moving human-made object so far.

NASA's previous Helios I and Helios II probes previously held the record at 157,000 mph (253,000 km/h) as they passed by the sun. These probes were launched in 1974 and 1976, to study solar processes.

The New Horizons probe for fastest launch velocity, which was launched in 2006 on a mission to Pluto and the Kuiper Belt. This piano-size spacecraft sped away from the Earth at a blistering pace of 36,000 mph (almost 58,000 km/h).

Another mission to the sun the Solar Probe Plus scheduled to be launched in 2018, is designed to fly into the sun's atmosphere,. Due to Sun's huge gravity the probe is expected to reach orbital velocities as high as 450,000 mph (724,000 km/h).At this speed, you could travel from the Earth to the moon in about 30 minutes.

The speed of  a spacecraft depends on the combination of its own engine, the rocket launcher, and the gravitational pulls of Earth and the planet or star to be explored.

New Experiments to Detect Dark Matter.

WIMP detection

The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment, which will be built nearly a mile underground at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in Lead, S.D., is considered one of the best bets yet to determine whether theorized dark matter particles known as WIMPs (weakly interacting massive particles) actually exist. There are other dark matter candidates, too, such as "axions" or "sterile neutrinos," which other experiments are better suited to root out or rule out.

When a theorized dark matter particle known as a WIMP collides with a xenon atom, the xenon atom emits a flash of light (gold) and electrons. The flash of light is detected at the top and bottom of the liquid xenon chamber. An electric field pushes the electrons to the top of the chamber, where they generate a second flash of light (red).  

LZ will be at least 50 times more sensitive to finding signals from dark matter particles than its predecessor, the Large Underground Xenon experiment (LUX), which was removed from SURF last year to make way for LZ. The new experiment will use 10 metric tons of ultra-purified liquid xenon, to tease out possible dark matter signals. Xenon, in its gas form, is one of the rarest elements in Earth's atmosphere.

Axion Detection

A detection device designed and built at Yale is narrowing the search for dark matter in the form of axions, a theorized subatomic particle that may make up as much as 80% of the matter in the universe.

Axion which has no charge, no spin, and a miniscule amount of mass—has all of the necessary properties to be a compelling dark matter candidate. The observed dark matter density in our galaxy requires roughly 10 trillion axions per cubic centimeter; however, their direct interactions with ordinary matter are so feeble that their detection requires extremely sensitive experimental techniques.

Axion detectors use intense magnetic fields to convert axions into detectable microwave photons at a specific frequency determined by the unknown axion mass. Previous experiments have searched for low-mass axions. Pushing the search to higher masses has been challenging for scientists because it requires high-frequency detectors that are physically smaller, and the signals from axion conversion in such cases is weaker.

Radiator - Multipurpose Microchip

Integrated Circuit researchers at the university of California Irvine created a silicon microchip based device called radiator for scanning the entire body and instantly gets the high resolution images of your internal organs and tissues .

The same device can be used by the physician to send giga bytes of data to a remote server and also receives information to make a diagnosis.

This tiny device emits millimeter-wave signals in the G band (110 to 300 gigahertz) and these Waves easily penetrate solid surfaces and provide extremely sharp resolution which enable new, more effective methods of biomedical and security scanning and imaging.The chips also can perform a key role in point-to-point wireless communication.

By using this millimeter-wave technology, cars all of a sudden become super-smart processing systems. Vehicles will be able to communicate with one another, and radar capabilities will be enhanced, greatly improving blind spot detection and collision avoidance.

Augmented Reality

Augmented reality is the integration of digital information with the user's environment in real time. Unlike virtual reality, which creates a totally artificial environment, augmented reality uses the existing environment and overlays new information on top of it.

Augmented reality adds digital imagery and data to supplement views of the real world, giving users more information about their environments. That's a step beyond virtual reality, which attempts to simulate reality.

Google glass and heads-up displays in car windshields are perhaps the most well-known consumer AR products, but the technology is used in many industries including healthcare, public safety, gas and oil, tourism and marketing. Augmented reality which enhances the physical world with digital data and images, could make industrial repairs easier.

Firms such as Magic Leap, Meta and Microsoft, are building much more capable headsets that can sense their surroundings and react to them, projecting convincing, three-dimensional illusions onto the world.

The devices that support AR

1) Microsoft Hololens

2) Google Glass 

 

HTC Vive and HoloLens hack combines VR and AR for true mixed reality.

 

MS Hololens

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mWVHKUFLf3o

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NwY-6sQDYnk

 

Google Glass 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=77O9-aOmqr0

VIRTUAL REALITY

VR is a fully immersive computer simulated environment  that gives a user the feeling of being in that environment instead of the one they are actually in.

VR a term popularized by Jaron Lanier. Virtual Reality is a computer generated reality manipulated and explored using various input devices such as goggles, headphones, gloves, or a computer. Using these devices a user can browse throughout a virtual world or pickup and manipulate virtual objects.  

Virtual reality can be divided into:

•The simulation of a real environment for training and education.

•The development of an imagined environment for a game or interactive story.

The Virtual Reality Modelling Language (VRML) allows the creator to specify images and the rules for their display and interaction using textual language statements.

Some of Virtual Reality devices 

1)OCULUS RIFT  2)  SAMSUNG GEAR VR   3) GOOGLE CARDBOARD
4) HTC VIVE  5) SONY MORPHEOUS

Experience the Virtual Reality using the below link

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qYfNzhLXYGc

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n0lm4crJ8cc